// jpgd.cpp - C++ class for JPEG decompression.
// Public domain, Rich Geldreich <richgel99@gmail.com>
// Alex Evans: Linear memory allocator (taken from jpge.h).
// v1.04, May. 19, 2012: Code tweaks to fix VS2008 static code analysis warnings (all looked harmless)
//
// Supports progressive and baseline sequential JPEG image files, and the most common chroma subsampling factors: Y, H1V1, H2V1, H1V2, and H2V2.
//
// Chroma upsampling quality: H2V2 is upsampled in the frequency domain, H2V1 and H1V2 are upsampled using point sampling.
// Chroma upsampling reference: "Fast Scheme for Image Size Change in the Compressed Domain"
// http://vision.ai.uiuc.edu/~dugad/research/dct/index.html

#include "crn_jpgd.h"
#include <string.h>

#include <assert.h>
#define JPGD_ASSERT(x) assert(x)

#include "crn_core.h"

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(disable : 4611)  // warning C4611: interaction between '_setjmp' and C++ object destruction is non-portable
#endif

// Set to 1 to enable freq. domain chroma upsampling on images using H2V2 subsampling (0=faster nearest neighbor sampling).
// This is slower, but results in higher quality on images with highly saturated colors.
#define JPGD_SUPPORT_FREQ_DOMAIN_UPSAMPLING 1

#define JPGD_TRUE (1)
#define JPGD_FALSE (0)

#define JPGD_MAX(a, b) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
#define JPGD_MIN(a, b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))

namespace jpgd {

static inline void* jpgd_malloc(size_t nSize) {
  return crnlib::crnlib_malloc(nSize);
}
static inline void jpgd_free(void* p) {
  crnlib::crnlib_free(p);
}

// DCT coefficients are stored in this sequence.
static int g_ZAG[64] = {0, 1, 8, 16, 9, 2, 3, 10, 17, 24, 32, 25, 18, 11, 4, 5, 12, 19, 26, 33, 40, 48, 41, 34, 27, 20, 13, 6, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 57, 50, 43, 36, 29, 22, 15, 23, 30, 37, 44, 51, 58, 59, 52, 45, 38, 31, 39, 46, 53, 60, 61, 54, 47, 55, 62, 63};

enum JPEG_MARKER {
  M_SOF0 = 0xC0,
  M_SOF1 = 0xC1,
  M_SOF2 = 0xC2,
  M_SOF3 = 0xC3,
  M_SOF5 = 0xC5,
  M_SOF6 = 0xC6,
  M_SOF7 = 0xC7,
  M_JPG = 0xC8,
  M_SOF9 = 0xC9,
  M_SOF10 = 0xCA,
  M_SOF11 = 0xCB,
  M_SOF13 = 0xCD,
  M_SOF14 = 0xCE,
  M_SOF15 = 0xCF,
  M_DHT = 0xC4,
  M_DAC = 0xCC,
  M_RST0 = 0xD0,
  M_RST1 = 0xD1,
  M_RST2 = 0xD2,
  M_RST3 = 0xD3,
  M_RST4 = 0xD4,
  M_RST5 = 0xD5,
  M_RST6 = 0xD6,
  M_RST7 = 0xD7,
  M_SOI = 0xD8,
  M_EOI = 0xD9,
  M_SOS = 0xDA,
  M_DQT = 0xDB,
  M_DNL = 0xDC,
  M_DRI = 0xDD,
  M_DHP = 0xDE,
  M_EXP = 0xDF,
  M_APP0 = 0xE0,
  M_APP15 = 0xEF,
  M_JPG0 = 0xF0,
  M_JPG13 = 0xFD,
  M_COM = 0xFE,
  M_TEM = 0x01,
  M_ERROR = 0x100,
  RST0 = 0xD0
};

enum JPEG_SUBSAMPLING { JPGD_GRAYSCALE = 0,
                        JPGD_YH1V1,
                        JPGD_YH2V1,
                        JPGD_YH1V2,
                        JPGD_YH2V2 };

#define CONST_BITS 13
#define PASS1_BITS 2
#define SCALEDONE ((int32)1)

#define FIX_0_298631336 ((int32)2446)  /* FIX(0.298631336) */
#define FIX_0_390180644 ((int32)3196)  /* FIX(0.390180644) */
#define FIX_0_541196100 ((int32)4433)  /* FIX(0.541196100) */
#define FIX_0_765366865 ((int32)6270)  /* FIX(0.765366865) */
#define FIX_0_899976223 ((int32)7373)  /* FIX(0.899976223) */
#define FIX_1_175875602 ((int32)9633)  /* FIX(1.175875602) */
#define FIX_1_501321110 ((int32)12299) /* FIX(1.501321110) */
#define FIX_1_847759065 ((int32)15137) /* FIX(1.847759065) */
#define FIX_1_961570560 ((int32)16069) /* FIX(1.961570560) */
#define FIX_2_053119869 ((int32)16819) /* FIX(2.053119869) */
#define FIX_2_562915447 ((int32)20995) /* FIX(2.562915447) */
#define FIX_3_072711026 ((int32)25172) /* FIX(3.072711026) */

#define DESCALE(x, n) (((x) + (SCALEDONE << ((n)-1))) >> (n))
#define DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(x, n) (((x) + (128 << (n)) + (SCALEDONE << ((n)-1))) >> (n))

#define MULTIPLY(var, cnst) ((var) * (cnst))

#define CLAMP(i) ((static_cast<uint>(i) > 255) ? (((~i) >> 31) & 0xFF) : (i))

// Compiler creates a fast path 1D IDCT for X non-zero columns
template <int NONZERO_COLS>
struct Row {
  static void idct(int* pTemp, const jpgd_block_t* pSrc) {
// ACCESS_COL() will be optimized at compile time to either an array access, or 0.
#define ACCESS_COL(x) (((x) < NONZERO_COLS) ? (int)pSrc[x] : 0)

    const int z2 = ACCESS_COL(2), z3 = ACCESS_COL(6);

    const int z1 = MULTIPLY(z2 + z3, FIX_0_541196100);
    const int tmp2 = z1 + MULTIPLY(z3, -FIX_1_847759065);
    const int tmp3 = z1 + MULTIPLY(z2, FIX_0_765366865);

    const int tmp0 = (ACCESS_COL(0) + ACCESS_COL(4)) << CONST_BITS;
    const int tmp1 = (ACCESS_COL(0) - ACCESS_COL(4)) << CONST_BITS;

    const int tmp10 = tmp0 + tmp3, tmp13 = tmp0 - tmp3, tmp11 = tmp1 + tmp2, tmp12 = tmp1 - tmp2;

    const int atmp0 = ACCESS_COL(7), atmp1 = ACCESS_COL(5), atmp2 = ACCESS_COL(3), atmp3 = ACCESS_COL(1);

    const int bz1 = atmp0 + atmp3, bz2 = atmp1 + atmp2, bz3 = atmp0 + atmp2, bz4 = atmp1 + atmp3;
    const int bz5 = MULTIPLY(bz3 + bz4, FIX_1_175875602);

    const int az1 = MULTIPLY(bz1, -FIX_0_899976223);
    const int az2 = MULTIPLY(bz2, -FIX_2_562915447);
    const int az3 = MULTIPLY(bz3, -FIX_1_961570560) + bz5;
    const int az4 = MULTIPLY(bz4, -FIX_0_390180644) + bz5;

    const int btmp0 = MULTIPLY(atmp0, FIX_0_298631336) + az1 + az3;
    const int btmp1 = MULTIPLY(atmp1, FIX_2_053119869) + az2 + az4;
    const int btmp2 = MULTIPLY(atmp2, FIX_3_072711026) + az2 + az3;
    const int btmp3 = MULTIPLY(atmp3, FIX_1_501321110) + az1 + az4;

    pTemp[0] = DESCALE(tmp10 + btmp3, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[7] = DESCALE(tmp10 - btmp3, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[1] = DESCALE(tmp11 + btmp2, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[6] = DESCALE(tmp11 - btmp2, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[2] = DESCALE(tmp12 + btmp1, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[5] = DESCALE(tmp12 - btmp1, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[3] = DESCALE(tmp13 + btmp0, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
    pTemp[4] = DESCALE(tmp13 - btmp0, CONST_BITS - PASS1_BITS);
  }
};

template <>
struct Row<0> {
  static void idct(int* pTemp, const jpgd_block_t* pSrc) {
    (void)pTemp;
    (void)pSrc;
  }
};

template <>
struct Row<1> {
  static void idct(int* pTemp, const jpgd_block_t* pSrc) {
    const int dcval = (pSrc[0] << PASS1_BITS);

    pTemp[0] = dcval;
    pTemp[1] = dcval;
    pTemp[2] = dcval;
    pTemp[3] = dcval;
    pTemp[4] = dcval;
    pTemp[5] = dcval;
    pTemp[6] = dcval;
    pTemp[7] = dcval;
  }
};

// Compiler creates a fast path 1D IDCT for X non-zero rows
template <int NONZERO_ROWS>
struct Col {
  static void idct(uint8* pDst_ptr, const int* pTemp) {
// ACCESS_ROW() will be optimized at compile time to either an array access, or 0.
#define ACCESS_ROW(x) (((x) < NONZERO_ROWS) ? pTemp[x * 8] : 0)

    const int z2 = ACCESS_ROW(2);
    const int z3 = ACCESS_ROW(6);

    const int z1 = MULTIPLY(z2 + z3, FIX_0_541196100);
    const int tmp2 = z1 + MULTIPLY(z3, -FIX_1_847759065);
    const int tmp3 = z1 + MULTIPLY(z2, FIX_0_765366865);

    const int tmp0 = (ACCESS_ROW(0) + ACCESS_ROW(4)) << CONST_BITS;
    const int tmp1 = (ACCESS_ROW(0) - ACCESS_ROW(4)) << CONST_BITS;

    const int tmp10 = tmp0 + tmp3, tmp13 = tmp0 - tmp3, tmp11 = tmp1 + tmp2, tmp12 = tmp1 - tmp2;

    const int atmp0 = ACCESS_ROW(7), atmp1 = ACCESS_ROW(5), atmp2 = ACCESS_ROW(3), atmp3 = ACCESS_ROW(1);

    const int bz1 = atmp0 + atmp3, bz2 = atmp1 + atmp2, bz3 = atmp0 + atmp2, bz4 = atmp1 + atmp3;
    const int bz5 = MULTIPLY(bz3 + bz4, FIX_1_175875602);

    const int az1 = MULTIPLY(bz1, -FIX_0_899976223);
    const int az2 = MULTIPLY(bz2, -FIX_2_562915447);
    const int az3 = MULTIPLY(bz3, -FIX_1_961570560) + bz5;
    const int az4 = MULTIPLY(bz4, -FIX_0_390180644) + bz5;

    const int btmp0 = MULTIPLY(atmp0, FIX_0_298631336) + az1 + az3;
    const int btmp1 = MULTIPLY(atmp1, FIX_2_053119869) + az2 + az4;
    const int btmp2 = MULTIPLY(atmp2, FIX_3_072711026) + az2 + az3;
    const int btmp3 = MULTIPLY(atmp3, FIX_1_501321110) + az1 + az4;

    int i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp10 + btmp3, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 0] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp10 - btmp3, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 7] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp11 + btmp2, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 1] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp11 - btmp2, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 6] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp12 + btmp1, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 2] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp12 - btmp1, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 5] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp13 + btmp0, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 3] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);

    i = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(tmp13 - btmp0, CONST_BITS + PASS1_BITS + 3);
    pDst_ptr[8 * 4] = (uint8)CLAMP(i);
  }
};

template <>
struct Col<1> {
  static void idct(uint8* pDst_ptr, const int* pTemp) {
    int dcval = DESCALE_ZEROSHIFT(pTemp[0], PASS1_BITS + 3);
    const uint8 dcval_clamped = (uint8)CLAMP(dcval);
    pDst_ptr[0 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[1 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[2 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[3 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[4 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[5 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[6 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
    pDst_ptr[7 * 8] = dcval_clamped;
  }
};

static const uint8 s_idct_row_table[] =
    {
        1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
        4, 3, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 4, 3, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0,
        6, 5, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 1, 0, 0, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 0, 0, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 1, 0, 6, 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1, 0,
        6, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 6, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 8, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 8, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, 8, 7, 6, 5, 3, 2, 1, 0,
        8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 2, 1, 0, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 1, 0, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 0, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 2, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 3, 2, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 4, 3, 2, 8, 7, 6, 5, 5, 4, 3, 2,
        8, 7, 6, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 8, 7, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 8, 8, 8, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 8, 8, 8, 7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 4, 3, 2, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 3, 2, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 2,
        8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 4, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 5, 4, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 6, 5, 4, 8, 8, 8, 7, 7, 6, 5, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 6, 5, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 5, 4,
        8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 5, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 7, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 6, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8,
};

static const uint8 s_idct_col_table[] = {1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8};

void idct(const jpgd_block_t* pSrc_ptr, uint8* pDst_ptr, int block_max_zag) {
  JPGD_ASSERT(block_max_zag >= 1);
  JPGD_ASSERT(block_max_zag <= 64);

  if (block_max_zag <= 1) {
    int k = ((pSrc_ptr[0] + 4) >> 3) + 128;
    k = CLAMP(k);
    k = k | (k << 8);
    k = k | (k << 16);

    for (int i = 8; i > 0; i--) {
      *(int*)&pDst_ptr[0] = k;
      *(int*)&pDst_ptr[4] = k;
      pDst_ptr += 8;
    }
    return;
  }

  int temp[64];

  const jpgd_block_t* pSrc = pSrc_ptr;
  int* pTemp = temp;

  const uint8* pRow_tab = &s_idct_row_table[(block_max_zag - 1) * 8];
  int i;
  for (i = 8; i > 0; i--, pRow_tab++) {
    switch (*pRow_tab) {
      case 0:
        Row<0>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 1:
        Row<1>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 2:
        Row<2>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 3:
        Row<3>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 4:
        Row<4>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 5:
        Row<5>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 6:
        Row<6>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 7:
        Row<7>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
      case 8:
        Row<8>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
        break;
    }

    pSrc += 8;
    pTemp += 8;
  }

  pTemp = temp;

  const int nonzero_rows = s_idct_col_table[block_max_zag - 1];
  for (i = 8; i > 0; i--) {
    switch (nonzero_rows) {
      case 1:
        Col<1>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 2:
        Col<2>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 3:
        Col<3>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 4:
        Col<4>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 5:
        Col<5>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 6:
        Col<6>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 7:
        Col<7>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
      case 8:
        Col<8>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
        break;
    }

    pTemp++;
    pDst_ptr++;
  }
}

void idct_4x4(const jpgd_block_t* pSrc_ptr, uint8* pDst_ptr) {
  int temp[64];
  int* pTemp = temp;
  const jpgd_block_t* pSrc = pSrc_ptr;

  for (int i = 4; i > 0; i--) {
    Row<4>::idct(pTemp, pSrc);
    pSrc += 8;
    pTemp += 8;
  }

  pTemp = temp;
  for (int i = 8; i > 0; i--) {
    Col<4>::idct(pDst_ptr, pTemp);
    pTemp++;
    pDst_ptr++;
  }
}

// Retrieve one character from the input stream.
inline uint jpeg_decoder::get_char() {
  // Any bytes remaining in buffer?
  if (!m_in_buf_left) {
    // Try to get more bytes.
    prep_in_buffer();
    // Still nothing to get?
    if (!m_in_buf_left) {
      // Pad the end of the stream with 0xFF 0xD9 (EOI marker)
      int t = m_tem_flag;
      m_tem_flag ^= 1;
      if (t)
        return 0xD9;
      else
        return 0xFF;
    }
  }

  uint c = *m_pIn_buf_ofs++;
  m_in_buf_left--;

  return c;
}

// Same as previous method, except can indicate if the character is a pad character or not.
inline uint jpeg_decoder::get_char(bool* pPadding_flag) {
  if (!m_in_buf_left) {
    prep_in_buffer();
    if (!m_in_buf_left) {
      *pPadding_flag = true;
      int t = m_tem_flag;
      m_tem_flag ^= 1;
      if (t)
        return 0xD9;
      else
        return 0xFF;
    }
  }

  *pPadding_flag = false;

  uint c = *m_pIn_buf_ofs++;
  m_in_buf_left--;

  return c;
}

// Inserts a previously retrieved character back into the input buffer.
inline void jpeg_decoder::stuff_char(uint8 q) {
  *(--m_pIn_buf_ofs) = q;
  m_in_buf_left++;
}

// Retrieves one character from the input stream, but does not read past markers. Will continue to return 0xFF when a marker is encountered.
inline uint8 jpeg_decoder::get_octet() {
  bool padding_flag;
  int c = get_char(&padding_flag);

  if (c == 0xFF) {
    if (padding_flag)
      return 0xFF;

    c = get_char(&padding_flag);
    if (padding_flag) {
      stuff_char(0xFF);
      return 0xFF;
    }

    if (c == 0x00)
      return 0xFF;
    else {
      stuff_char(static_cast<uint8>(c));
      stuff_char(0xFF);
      return 0xFF;
    }
  }

  return static_cast<uint8>(c);
}

// Retrieves a variable number of bits from the input stream. Does not recognize markers.
inline uint jpeg_decoder::get_bits(int num_bits) {
  if (!num_bits)
    return 0;

  uint i = m_bit_buf >> (32 - num_bits);

  if ((m_bits_left -= num_bits) <= 0) {
    m_bit_buf <<= (num_bits += m_bits_left);

    uint c1 = get_char();
    uint c2 = get_char();
    m_bit_buf = (m_bit_buf & 0xFFFF0000) | (c1 << 8) | c2;

    m_bit_buf <<= -m_bits_left;

    m_bits_left += 16;

    JPGD_ASSERT(m_bits_left >= 0);
  } else
    m_bit_buf <<= num_bits;

  return i;
}

// Retrieves a variable number of bits from the input stream. Markers will not be read into the input bit buffer. Instead, an infinite number of all 1's will be returned when a marker is encountered.
inline uint jpeg_decoder::get_bits_no_markers(int num_bits) {
  if (!num_bits)
    return 0;

  uint i = m_bit_buf >> (32 - num_bits);

  if ((m_bits_left -= num_bits) <= 0) {
    m_bit_buf <<= (num_bits += m_bits_left);

    if ((m_in_buf_left < 2) || (m_pIn_buf_ofs[0] == 0xFF) || (m_pIn_buf_ofs[1] == 0xFF)) {
      uint c1 = get_octet();
      uint c2 = get_octet();
      m_bit_buf |= (c1 << 8) | c2;
    } else {
      m_bit_buf |= ((uint)m_pIn_buf_ofs[0] << 8) | m_pIn_buf_ofs[1];
      m_in_buf_left -= 2;
      m_pIn_buf_ofs += 2;
    }

    m_bit_buf <<= -m_bits_left;

    m_bits_left += 16;

    JPGD_ASSERT(m_bits_left >= 0);
  } else
    m_bit_buf <<= num_bits;

  return i;
}

// Decodes a Huffman encoded symbol.
inline int jpeg_decoder::huff_decode(huff_tables* pH) {
  int symbol;

  // Check first 8-bits: do we have a complete symbol?
  if ((symbol = pH->look_up[m_bit_buf >> 24]) < 0) {
    // Decode more bits, use a tree traversal to find symbol.
    int ofs = 23;
    do {
      symbol = pH->tree[-(int)(symbol + ((m_bit_buf >> ofs) & 1))];
      ofs--;
    } while (symbol < 0);

    get_bits_no_markers(8 + (23 - ofs));
  } else
    get_bits_no_markers(pH->code_size[symbol]);

  return symbol;
}

// Decodes a Huffman encoded symbol.
inline int jpeg_decoder::huff_decode(huff_tables* pH, int& extra_bits) {
  int symbol;

  // Check first 8-bits: do we have a complete symbol?
  if ((symbol = pH->look_up2[m_bit_buf >> 24]) < 0) {
    // Use a tree traversal to find symbol.
    int ofs = 23;
    do {
      symbol = pH->tree[-(int)(symbol + ((m_bit_buf >> ofs) & 1))];
      ofs--;
    } while (symbol < 0);

    get_bits_no_markers(8 + (23 - ofs));

    extra_bits = get_bits_no_markers(symbol & 0xF);
  } else {
    JPGD_ASSERT(((symbol >> 8) & 31) == pH->code_size[symbol & 255] + ((symbol & 0x8000) ? (symbol & 15) : 0));

    if (symbol & 0x8000) {
      get_bits_no_markers((symbol >> 8) & 31);
      extra_bits = symbol >> 16;
    } else {
      int code_size = (symbol >> 8) & 31;
      int num_extra_bits = symbol & 0xF;
      int bits = code_size + num_extra_bits;
      if (bits <= (m_bits_left + 16))
        extra_bits = get_bits_no_markers(bits) & ((1 << num_extra_bits) - 1);
      else {
        get_bits_no_markers(code_size);
        extra_bits = get_bits_no_markers(num_extra_bits);
      }
    }

    symbol &= 0xFF;
  }

  return symbol;
}

// Tables and macro used to fully decode the DPCM differences.
static const int s_extend_test[16] = {0, 0x0001, 0x0002, 0x0004, 0x0008, 0x0010, 0x0020, 0x0040, 0x0080, 0x0100, 0x0200, 0x0400, 0x0800, 0x1000, 0x2000, 0x4000};
static const int s_extend_offset[16] = {0, ((-1) << 1) + 1, ((-1) << 2) + 1, ((-1) << 3) + 1, ((-1) << 4) + 1, ((-1) << 5) + 1, ((-1) << 6) + 1, ((-1) << 7) + 1, ((-1) << 8) + 1, ((-1) << 9) + 1, ((-1) << 10) + 1, ((-1) << 11) + 1, ((-1) << 12) + 1, ((-1) << 13) + 1, ((-1) << 14) + 1, ((-1) << 15) + 1};
static const int s_extend_mask[] = {0, (1 << 0), (1 << 1), (1 << 2), (1 << 3), (1 << 4), (1 << 5), (1 << 6), (1 << 7), (1 << 8), (1 << 9), (1 << 10), (1 << 11), (1 << 12), (1 << 13), (1 << 14), (1 << 15), (1 << 16)};
// The logical AND's in this macro are to shut up static code analysis (aren't really necessary - couldn't find another way to do this)
#define JPGD_HUFF_EXTEND(x, s) (((x) < s_extend_test[s & 15]) ? ((x) + s_extend_offset[s & 15]) : (x))

// Clamps a value between 0-255.
inline uint8 jpeg_decoder::clamp(int i) {
  if (static_cast<uint>(i) > 255)
    i = (((~i) >> 31) & 0xFF);

  return static_cast<uint8>(i);
}

namespace DCT_Upsample {
struct Matrix44 {
  typedef int Element_Type;
  enum { NUM_ROWS = 4,
         NUM_COLS = 4 };

  Element_Type v[NUM_ROWS][NUM_COLS];

  inline int rows() const { return NUM_ROWS; }
  inline int cols() const { return NUM_COLS; }

  inline const Element_Type& at(int r, int c) const { return v[r][c]; }
  inline Element_Type& at(int r, int c) { return v[r][c]; }

  inline Matrix44() {}

  inline Matrix44& operator+=(const Matrix44& a) {
    for (int r = 0; r < NUM_ROWS; r++) {
      at(r, 0) += a.at(r, 0);
      at(r, 1) += a.at(r, 1);
      at(r, 2) += a.at(r, 2);
      at(r, 3) += a.at(r, 3);
    }
    return *this;
  }

  inline Matrix44& operator-=(const Matrix44& a) {
    for (int r = 0; r < NUM_ROWS; r++) {
      at(r, 0) -= a.at(r, 0);
      at(r, 1) -= a.at(r, 1);
      at(r, 2) -= a.at(r, 2);
      at(r, 3) -= a.at(r, 3);
    }
    return *this;
  }

  friend inline Matrix44 operator+(const Matrix44& a, const Matrix44& b) {
    Matrix44 ret;
    for (int r = 0; r < NUM_ROWS; r++) {
      ret.at(r, 0) = a.at(r, 0) + b.at(r, 0);
      ret.at(r, 1) = a.at(r, 1) + b.at(r, 1);
      ret.at(r, 2) = a.at(r, 2) + b.at(r, 2);
      ret.at(r, 3) = a.at(r, 3) + b.at(r, 3);
    }
    return ret;
  }

  friend inline Matrix44 operator-(const Matrix44& a, const Matrix44& b) {
    Matrix44 ret;
    for (int r = 0; r < NUM_ROWS; r++) {
      ret.at(r, 0) = a.at(r, 0) - b.at(r, 0);
      ret.at(r, 1) = a.at(r, 1) - b.at(r, 1);
      ret.at(r, 2) = a.at(r, 2) - b.at(r, 2);
      ret.at(r, 3) = a.at(r, 3) - b.at(r, 3);
    }
    return ret;
  }

  static inline void add_and_store(jpgd_block_t* pDst, const Matrix44& a, const Matrix44& b) {
    for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
      pDst[0 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 0) + b.at(r, 0));
      pDst[1 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 1) + b.at(r, 1));
      pDst[2 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 2) + b.at(r, 2));
      pDst[3 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 3) + b.at(r, 3));
    }
  }

  static inline void sub_and_store(jpgd_block_t* pDst, const Matrix44& a, const Matrix44& b) {
    for (int r = 0; r < 4; r++) {
      pDst[0 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 0) - b.at(r, 0));
      pDst[1 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 1) - b.at(r, 1));
      pDst[2 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 2) - b.at(r, 2));
      pDst[3 * 8 + r] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(a.at(r, 3) - b.at(r, 3));
    }
  }
};

const int FRACT_BITS = 10;
const int SCALE = 1 << FRACT_BITS;

typedef int Temp_Type;
#define D(i) (((i) + (SCALE >> 1)) >> FRACT_BITS)
#define F(i) ((int)((i)*SCALE + .5f))

// Any decent C++ compiler will optimize this at compile time to a 0, or an array access.
#define AT(c, r) ((((c) >= NUM_COLS) || ((r) >= NUM_ROWS)) ? 0 : pSrc[(c) + (r)*8])

// NUM_ROWS/NUM_COLS = # of non-zero rows/cols in input matrix
template <int NUM_ROWS, int NUM_COLS>
struct P_Q {
  static void calc(Matrix44& P, Matrix44& Q, const jpgd_block_t* pSrc) {
    // 4x8 = 4x8 times 8x8, matrix 0 is constant
    const Temp_Type X000 = AT(0, 0);
    const Temp_Type X001 = AT(0, 1);
    const Temp_Type X002 = AT(0, 2);
    const Temp_Type X003 = AT(0, 3);
    const Temp_Type X004 = AT(0, 4);
    const Temp_Type X005 = AT(0, 5);
    const Temp_Type X006 = AT(0, 6);
    const Temp_Type X007 = AT(0, 7);
    const Temp_Type X010 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 0) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 0) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 0) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 0));
    const Temp_Type X011 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 1) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 1) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 1) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 1));
    const Temp_Type X012 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 2) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 2) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 2) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 2));
    const Temp_Type X013 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 3) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 3) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 3) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 3));
    const Temp_Type X014 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 4) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 4) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 4) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 4));
    const Temp_Type X015 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 5) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 5) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 5) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 5));
    const Temp_Type X016 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 6) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 6) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 6) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 6));
    const Temp_Type X017 = D(F(0.415735f) * AT(1, 7) + F(0.791065f) * AT(3, 7) + F(-0.352443f) * AT(5, 7) + F(0.277785f) * AT(7, 7));
    const Temp_Type X020 = AT(4, 0);
    const Temp_Type X021 = AT(4, 1);
    const Temp_Type X022 = AT(4, 2);
    const Temp_Type X023 = AT(4, 3);
    const Temp_Type X024 = AT(4, 4);
    const Temp_Type X025 = AT(4, 5);
    const Temp_Type X026 = AT(4, 6);
    const Temp_Type X027 = AT(4, 7);
    const Temp_Type X030 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 0) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 0) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 0) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 0));
    const Temp_Type X031 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 1) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 1) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 1) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 1));
    const Temp_Type X032 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 2) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 2) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 2) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 2));
    const Temp_Type X033 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 3) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 3) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 3) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 3));
    const Temp_Type X034 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 4) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 4) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 4) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 4));
    const Temp_Type X035 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 5) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 5) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 5) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 5));
    const Temp_Type X036 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 6) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 6) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 6) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 6));
    const Temp_Type X037 = D(F(0.022887f) * AT(1, 7) + F(-0.097545f) * AT(3, 7) + F(0.490393f) * AT(5, 7) + F(0.865723f) * AT(7, 7));

    // 4x4 = 4x8 times 8x4, matrix 1 is constant
    P.at(0, 0) = X000;
    P.at(0, 1) = D(X001 * F(0.415735f) + X003 * F(0.791065f) + X005 * F(-0.352443f) + X007 * F(0.277785f));
    P.at(0, 2) = X004;
    P.at(0, 3) = D(X001 * F(0.022887f) + X003 * F(-0.097545f) + X005 * F(0.490393f) + X007 * F(0.865723f));
    P.at(1, 0) = X010;
    P.at(1, 1) = D(X011 * F(0.415735f) + X013 * F(0.791065f) + X015 * F(-0.352443f) + X017 * F(0.277785f));
    P.at(1, 2) = X014;
    P.at(1, 3) = D(X011 * F(0.022887f) + X013 * F(-0.097545f) + X015 * F(0.490393f) + X017 * F(0.865723f));
    P.at(2, 0) = X020;
    P.at(2, 1) = D(X021 * F(0.415735f) + X023 * F(0.791065f) + X025 * F(-0.352443f) + X027 * F(0.277785f));
    P.at(2, 2) = X024;
    P.at(2, 3) = D(X021 * F(0.022887f) + X023 * F(-0.097545f) + X025 * F(0.490393f) + X027 * F(0.865723f));
    P.at(3, 0) = X030;
    P.at(3, 1) = D(X031 * F(0.415735f) + X033 * F(0.791065f) + X035 * F(-0.352443f) + X037 * F(0.277785f));
    P.at(3, 2) = X034;
    P.at(3, 3) = D(X031 * F(0.022887f) + X033 * F(-0.097545f) + X035 * F(0.490393f) + X037 * F(0.865723f));
    // 40 muls 24 adds

    // 4x4 = 4x8 times 8x4, matrix 1 is constant
    Q.at(0, 0) = D(X001 * F(0.906127f) + X003 * F(-0.318190f) + X005 * F(0.212608f) + X007 * F(-0.180240f));
    Q.at(0, 1) = X002;
    Q.at(0, 2) = D(X001 * F(-0.074658f) + X003 * F(0.513280f) + X005 * F(0.768178f) + X007 * F(-0.375330f));
    Q.at(0, 3) = X006;
    Q.at(1, 0) = D(X011 * F(0.906127f) + X013 * F(-0.318190f) + X015 * F(0.212608f) + X017 * F(-0.180240f));
    Q.at(1, 1) = X012;
    Q.at(1, 2) = D(X011 * F(-0.074658f) + X013 * F(0.513280f) + X015 * F(0.768178f) + X017 * F(-0.375330f));
    Q.at(1, 3) = X016;
    Q.at(2, 0) = D(X021 * F(0.906127f) + X023 * F(-0.318190f) + X025 * F(0.212608f) + X027 * F(-0.180240f));
    Q.at(2, 1) = X022;
    Q.at(2, 2) = D(X021 * F(-0.074658f) + X023 * F(0.513280f) + X025 * F(0.768178f) + X027 * F(-0.375330f));
    Q.at(2, 3) = X026;
    Q.at(3, 0) = D(X031 * F(0.906127f) + X033 * F(-0.318190f) + X035 * F(0.212608f) + X037 * F(-0.180240f));
    Q.at(3, 1) = X032;
    Q.at(3, 2) = D(X031 * F(-0.074658f) + X033 * F(0.513280f) + X035 * F(0.768178f) + X037 * F(-0.375330f));
    Q.at(3, 3) = X036;
    // 40 muls 24 adds
  }
};

template <int NUM_ROWS, int NUM_COLS>
struct R_S {
  static void calc(Matrix44& R, Matrix44& S, const jpgd_block_t* pSrc) {
    // 4x8 = 4x8 times 8x8, matrix 0 is constant
    const Temp_Type X100 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 0) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 0) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 0) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 0));
    const Temp_Type X101 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 1) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 1) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 1) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 1));
    const Temp_Type X102 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 2) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 2) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 2) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 2));
    const Temp_Type X103 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 3) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 3) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 3) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 3));
    const Temp_Type X104 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 4) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 4) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 4) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 4));
    const Temp_Type X105 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 5) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 5) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 5) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 5));
    const Temp_Type X106 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 6) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 6) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 6) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 6));
    const Temp_Type X107 = D(F(0.906127f) * AT(1, 7) + F(-0.318190f) * AT(3, 7) + F(0.212608f) * AT(5, 7) + F(-0.180240f) * AT(7, 7));
    const Temp_Type X110 = AT(2, 0);
    const Temp_Type X111 = AT(2, 1);
    const Temp_Type X112 = AT(2, 2);
    const Temp_Type X113 = AT(2, 3);
    const Temp_Type X114 = AT(2, 4);
    const Temp_Type X115 = AT(2, 5);
    const Temp_Type X116 = AT(2, 6);
    const Temp_Type X117 = AT(2, 7);
    const Temp_Type X120 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 0) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 0) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 0) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 0));
    const Temp_Type X121 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 1) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 1) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 1) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 1));
    const Temp_Type X122 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 2) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 2) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 2) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 2));
    const Temp_Type X123 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 3) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 3) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 3) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 3));
    const Temp_Type X124 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 4) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 4) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 4) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 4));
    const Temp_Type X125 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 5) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 5) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 5) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 5));
    const Temp_Type X126 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 6) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 6) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 6) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 6));
    const Temp_Type X127 = D(F(-0.074658f) * AT(1, 7) + F(0.513280f) * AT(3, 7) + F(0.768178f) * AT(5, 7) + F(-0.375330f) * AT(7, 7));
    const Temp_Type X130 = AT(6, 0);
    const Temp_Type X131 = AT(6, 1);
    const Temp_Type X132 = AT(6, 2);
    const Temp_Type X133 = AT(6, 3);
    const Temp_Type X134 = AT(6, 4);
    const Temp_Type X135 = AT(6, 5);
    const Temp_Type X136 = AT(6, 6);
    const Temp_Type X137 = AT(6, 7);
    // 80 muls 48 adds

    // 4x4 = 4x8 times 8x4, matrix 1 is constant
    R.at(0, 0) = X100;
    R.at(0, 1) = D(X101 * F(0.415735f) + X103 * F(0.791065f) + X105 * F(-0.352443f) + X107 * F(0.277785f));
    R.at(0, 2) = X104;
    R.at(0, 3) = D(X101 * F(0.022887f) + X103 * F(-0.097545f) + X105 * F(0.490393f) + X107 * F(0.865723f));
    R.at(1, 0) = X110;
    R.at(1, 1) = D(X111 * F(0.415735f) + X113 * F(0.791065f) + X115 * F(-0.352443f) + X117 * F(0.277785f));
    R.at(1, 2) = X114;
    R.at(1, 3) = D(X111 * F(0.022887f) + X113 * F(-0.097545f) + X115 * F(0.490393f) + X117 * F(0.865723f));
    R.at(2, 0) = X120;
    R.at(2, 1) = D(X121 * F(0.415735f) + X123 * F(0.791065f) + X125 * F(-0.352443f) + X127 * F(0.277785f));
    R.at(2, 2) = X124;
    R.at(2, 3) = D(X121 * F(0.022887f) + X123 * F(-0.097545f) + X125 * F(0.490393f) + X127 * F(0.865723f));
    R.at(3, 0) = X130;
    R.at(3, 1) = D(X131 * F(0.415735f) + X133 * F(0.791065f) + X135 * F(-0.352443f) + X137 * F(0.277785f));
    R.at(3, 2) = X134;
    R.at(3, 3) = D(X131 * F(0.022887f) + X133 * F(-0.097545f) + X135 * F(0.490393f) + X137 * F(0.865723f));
    // 40 muls 24 adds
    // 4x4 = 4x8 times 8x4, matrix 1 is constant
    S.at(0, 0) = D(X101 * F(0.906127f) + X103 * F(-0.318190f) + X105 * F(0.212608f) + X107 * F(-0.180240f));
    S.at(0, 1) = X102;
    S.at(0, 2) = D(X101 * F(-0.074658f) + X103 * F(0.513280f) + X105 * F(0.768178f) + X107 * F(-0.375330f));
    S.at(0, 3) = X106;
    S.at(1, 0) = D(X111 * F(0.906127f) + X113 * F(-0.318190f) + X115 * F(0.212608f) + X117 * F(-0.180240f));
    S.at(1, 1) = X112;
    S.at(1, 2) = D(X111 * F(-0.074658f) + X113 * F(0.513280f) + X115 * F(0.768178f) + X117 * F(-0.375330f));
    S.at(1, 3) = X116;
    S.at(2, 0) = D(X121 * F(0.906127f) + X123 * F(-0.318190f) + X125 * F(0.212608f) + X127 * F(-0.180240f));
    S.at(2, 1) = X122;
    S.at(2, 2) = D(X121 * F(-0.074658f) + X123 * F(0.513280f) + X125 * F(0.768178f) + X127 * F(-0.375330f));
    S.at(2, 3) = X126;
    S.at(3, 0) = D(X131 * F(0.906127f) + X133 * F(-0.318190f) + X135 * F(0.212608f) + X137 * F(-0.180240f));
    S.at(3, 1) = X132;
    S.at(3, 2) = D(X131 * F(-0.074658f) + X133 * F(0.513280f) + X135 * F(0.768178f) + X137 * F(-0.375330f));
    S.at(3, 3) = X136;
    // 40 muls 24 adds
  }
};
}  // end namespace DCT_Upsample

// Unconditionally frees all allocated m_blocks.
void jpeg_decoder::free_all_blocks() {
  m_pStream = NULL;
  for (mem_block* b = m_pMem_blocks; b;) {
    mem_block* n = b->m_pNext;
    jpgd_free(b);
    b = n;
  }
  m_pMem_blocks = NULL;
}

// This method handles all errors. It will never return.
// It could easily be changed to use C++ exceptions.
JPGD_NORETURN void jpeg_decoder::stop_decoding(jpgd_status status) {
  m_error_code = status;
  free_all_blocks();
  longjmp(m_jmp_state, status);
}

void* jpeg_decoder::alloc(size_t nSize, bool zero) {
  nSize = (JPGD_MAX(nSize, 1) + 3) & ~3;
  char* rv = NULL;
  for (mem_block* b = m_pMem_blocks; b; b = b->m_pNext) {
    if ((b->m_used_count + nSize) <= b->m_size) {
      rv = b->m_data + b->m_used_count;
      b->m_used_count += nSize;
      break;
    }
  }
  if (!rv) {
    int capacity = JPGD_MAX(32768 - 256, (nSize + 2047) & ~2047);
    mem_block* b = (mem_block*)jpgd_malloc(sizeof(mem_block) + capacity);
    if (!b) {
      stop_decoding(JPGD_NOTENOUGHMEM);
    }
    b->m_pNext = m_pMem_blocks;
    m_pMem_blocks = b;
    b->m_used_count = nSize;
    b->m_size = capacity;
    rv = b->m_data;
  }
  if (zero)
    memset(rv, 0, nSize);
  return rv;
}

void jpeg_decoder::word_clear(void* p, uint16 c, uint n) {
  uint8* pD = (uint8*)p;
  const uint8 l = c & 0xFF, h = (c >> 8) & 0xFF;
  while (n) {
    pD[0] = l;
    pD[1] = h;
    pD += 2;
    n--;
  }
}

// Refill the input buffer.
// This method will sit in a loop until (A) the buffer is full or (B)
// the stream's read() method reports and end of file condition.
void jpeg_decoder::prep_in_buffer() {
  m_in_buf_left = 0;
  m_pIn_buf_ofs = m_in_buf;

  if (m_eof_flag)
    return;

  do {
    int bytes_read = m_pStream->read(m_in_buf + m_in_buf_left, JPGD_IN_BUF_SIZE - m_in_buf_left, &m_eof_flag);
    if (bytes_read == -1)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_STREAM_READ);

    m_in_buf_left += bytes_read;
  } while ((m_in_buf_left < JPGD_IN_BUF_SIZE) && (!m_eof_flag));

  m_total_bytes_read += m_in_buf_left;

  // Pad the end of the block with M_EOI (prevents the decompressor from going off the rails if the stream is invalid).
  // (This dates way back to when this decompressor was written in C/asm, and the all-asm Huffman decoder did some fancy things to increase perf.)
  word_clear(m_pIn_buf_ofs + m_in_buf_left, 0xD9FF, 64);
}

// Read a Huffman code table.
void jpeg_decoder::read_dht_marker() {
  int i, index, count;
  uint8 huff_num[17];
  uint8 huff_val[256];

  uint num_left = get_bits(16);

  if (num_left < 2)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DHT_MARKER);

  num_left -= 2;

  while (num_left) {
    index = get_bits(8);

    huff_num[0] = 0;

    count = 0;

    for (i = 1; i <= 16; i++) {
      huff_num[i] = static_cast<uint8>(get_bits(8));
      count += huff_num[i];
    }

    if (count > 255)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DHT_COUNTS);

    for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
      huff_val[i] = static_cast<uint8>(get_bits(8));

    i = 1 + 16 + count;

    if (num_left < (uint)i)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DHT_MARKER);

    num_left -= i;

    if ((index & 0x10) > 0x10)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DHT_INDEX);

    index = (index & 0x0F) + ((index & 0x10) >> 4) * (JPGD_MAX_HUFF_TABLES >> 1);

    if (index >= JPGD_MAX_HUFF_TABLES)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DHT_INDEX);

    if (!m_huff_num[index])
      m_huff_num[index] = (uint8*)alloc(17);

    if (!m_huff_val[index])
      m_huff_val[index] = (uint8*)alloc(256);

    m_huff_ac[index] = (index & 0x10) != 0;
    memcpy(m_huff_num[index], huff_num, 17);
    memcpy(m_huff_val[index], huff_val, 256);
  }
}

// Read a quantization table.
void jpeg_decoder::read_dqt_marker() {
  int n, i, prec;
  uint num_left;
  uint temp;

  num_left = get_bits(16);

  if (num_left < 2)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DQT_MARKER);

  num_left -= 2;

  while (num_left) {
    n = get_bits(8);
    prec = n >> 4;
    n &= 0x0F;

    if (n >= JPGD_MAX_QUANT_TABLES)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DQT_TABLE);

    if (!m_quant[n])
      m_quant[n] = (jpgd_quant_t*)alloc(64 * sizeof(jpgd_quant_t));

    // read quantization entries, in zag order
    for (i = 0; i < 64; i++) {
      temp = get_bits(8);

      if (prec)
        temp = (temp << 8) + get_bits(8);

      m_quant[n][i] = static_cast<jpgd_quant_t>(temp);
    }

    i = 64 + 1;

    if (prec)
      i += 64;

    if (num_left < (uint)i)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DQT_LENGTH);

    num_left -= i;
  }
}

// Read the start of frame (SOF) marker.
void jpeg_decoder::read_sof_marker() {
  int i;
  uint num_left;

  num_left = get_bits(16);

  if (get_bits(8) != 8) /* precision: sorry, only 8-bit precision is supported right now */
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_PRECISION);

  m_image_y_size = get_bits(16);

  if ((m_image_y_size < 1) || (m_image_y_size > JPGD_MAX_HEIGHT))
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_HEIGHT);

  m_image_x_size = get_bits(16);

  if ((m_image_x_size < 1) || (m_image_x_size > JPGD_MAX_WIDTH))
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_WIDTH);

  m_comps_in_frame = get_bits(8);

  if (m_comps_in_frame > JPGD_MAX_COMPONENTS)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_TOO_MANY_COMPONENTS);

  if (num_left != (uint)(m_comps_in_frame * 3 + 8))
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOF_LENGTH);

  for (i = 0; i < m_comps_in_frame; i++) {
    m_comp_ident[i] = get_bits(8);
    m_comp_h_samp[i] = get_bits(4);
    m_comp_v_samp[i] = get_bits(4);
    m_comp_quant[i] = get_bits(8);
  }
}

// Used to skip unrecognized markers.
void jpeg_decoder::skip_variable_marker() {
  uint num_left;

  num_left = get_bits(16);

  if (num_left < 2)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_VARIABLE_MARKER);

  num_left -= 2;

  while (num_left) {
    get_bits(8);
    num_left--;
  }
}

// Read a define restart interval (DRI) marker.
void jpeg_decoder::read_dri_marker() {
  if (get_bits(16) != 4)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_DRI_LENGTH);

  m_restart_interval = get_bits(16);
}

// Read a start of scan (SOS) marker.
void jpeg_decoder::read_sos_marker() {
  uint num_left;
  int i, ci, n, c, cc;

  num_left = get_bits(16);

  n = get_bits(8);

  m_comps_in_scan = n;

  num_left -= 3;

  if ((num_left != (uint)(n * 2 + 3)) || (n < 1) || (n > JPGD_MAX_COMPS_IN_SCAN))
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOS_LENGTH);

  for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    cc = get_bits(8);
    c = get_bits(8);
    num_left -= 2;

    for (ci = 0; ci < m_comps_in_frame; ci++)
      if (cc == m_comp_ident[ci])
        break;

    if (ci >= m_comps_in_frame)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOS_COMP_ID);

    m_comp_list[i] = ci;
    m_comp_dc_tab[ci] = (c >> 4) & 15;
    m_comp_ac_tab[ci] = (c & 15) + (JPGD_MAX_HUFF_TABLES >> 1);
  }

  m_spectral_start = get_bits(8);
  m_spectral_end = get_bits(8);
  m_successive_high = get_bits(4);
  m_successive_low = get_bits(4);

  if (!m_progressive_flag) {
    m_spectral_start = 0;
    m_spectral_end = 63;
  }

  num_left -= 3;

  while (num_left) /* read past whatever is num_left */
  {
    get_bits(8);
    num_left--;
  }
}

// Finds the next marker.
int jpeg_decoder::next_marker() {
  uint c, bytes;

  bytes = 0;

  do {
    do {
      bytes++;
      c = get_bits(8);
    } while (c != 0xFF);

    do {
      c = get_bits(8);
    } while (c == 0xFF);

  } while (c == 0);

  // If bytes > 0 here, there where extra bytes before the marker (not good).

  return c;
}

// Process markers. Returns when an SOFx, SOI, EOI, or SOS marker is
// encountered.
int jpeg_decoder::process_markers() {
  int c;

  for (;;) {
    c = next_marker();

    switch (c) {
      case M_SOF0:
      case M_SOF1:
      case M_SOF2:
      case M_SOF3:
      case M_SOF5:
      case M_SOF6:
      case M_SOF7:
      //      case M_JPG:
      case M_SOF9:
      case M_SOF10:
      case M_SOF11:
      case M_SOF13:
      case M_SOF14:
      case M_SOF15:
      case M_SOI:
      case M_EOI:
      case M_SOS: {
        return c;
      }
      case M_DHT: {
        read_dht_marker();
        break;
      }
      // No arithmitic support - dumb patents!
      case M_DAC: {
        stop_decoding(JPGD_NO_ARITHMITIC_SUPPORT);
        break;
      }
      case M_DQT: {
        read_dqt_marker();
        break;
      }
      case M_DRI: {
        read_dri_marker();
        break;
      }
      //case M_APP0:  /* no need to read the JFIF marker */

      case M_JPG:
      case M_RST0: /* no parameters */
      case M_RST1:
      case M_RST2:
      case M_RST3:
      case M_RST4:
      case M_RST5:
      case M_RST6:
      case M_RST7:
      case M_TEM: {
        stop_decoding(JPGD_UNEXPECTED_MARKER);
        break;
      }
      default: /* must be DNL, DHP, EXP, APPn, JPGn, COM, or RESn or APP0 */
      {
        skip_variable_marker();
        break;
      }
    }
  }
}

// Finds the start of image (SOI) marker.
// This code is rather defensive: it only checks the first 512 bytes to avoid
// false positives.
void jpeg_decoder::locate_soi_marker() {
  uint lastchar, thischar;
  uint bytesleft;

  lastchar = get_bits(8);

  thischar = get_bits(8);

  /* ok if it's a normal JPEG file without a special header */

  if ((lastchar == 0xFF) && (thischar == M_SOI))
    return;

  bytesleft = 4096;  //512;

  for (;;) {
    if (--bytesleft == 0)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_NOT_JPEG);

    lastchar = thischar;

    thischar = get_bits(8);

    if (lastchar == 0xFF) {
      if (thischar == M_SOI)
        break;
      else if (thischar == M_EOI)  // get_bits will keep returning M_EOI if we read past the end
        stop_decoding(JPGD_NOT_JPEG);
    }
  }

  // Check the next character after marker: if it's not 0xFF, it can't be the start of the next marker, so the file is bad.
  thischar = (m_bit_buf >> 24) & 0xFF;

  if (thischar != 0xFF)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_NOT_JPEG);
}

// Find a start of frame (SOF) marker.
void jpeg_decoder::locate_sof_marker() {
  locate_soi_marker();

  int c = process_markers();

  switch (c) {
    case M_SOF2:
      m_progressive_flag = JPGD_TRUE;
    case M_SOF0: /* baseline DCT */
    case M_SOF1: /* extended sequential DCT */
    {
      read_sof_marker();
      break;
    }
    case M_SOF9: /* Arithmitic coding */
    {
      stop_decoding(JPGD_NO_ARITHMITIC_SUPPORT);
      break;
    }
    default: {
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNSUPPORTED_MARKER);
      break;
    }
  }
}

// Find a start of scan (SOS) marker.
int jpeg_decoder::locate_sos_marker() {
  int c;

  c = process_markers();

  if (c == M_EOI)
    return JPGD_FALSE;
  else if (c != M_SOS)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_UNEXPECTED_MARKER);

  read_sos_marker();

  return JPGD_TRUE;
}

// Reset everything to default/uninitialized state.
void jpeg_decoder::init(jpeg_decoder_stream* pStream) {
  m_pMem_blocks = NULL;
  m_error_code = JPGD_SUCCESS;
  m_ready_flag = false;
  m_image_x_size = m_image_y_size = 0;
  m_pStream = pStream;
  m_progressive_flag = JPGD_FALSE;

  memset(m_huff_ac, 0, sizeof(m_huff_ac));
  memset(m_huff_num, 0, sizeof(m_huff_num));
  memset(m_huff_val, 0, sizeof(m_huff_val));
  memset(m_quant, 0, sizeof(m_quant));

  m_scan_type = 0;
  m_comps_in_frame = 0;

  memset(m_comp_h_samp, 0, sizeof(m_comp_h_samp));
  memset(m_comp_v_samp, 0, sizeof(m_comp_v_samp));
  memset(m_comp_quant, 0, sizeof(m_comp_quant));
  memset(m_comp_ident, 0, sizeof(m_comp_ident));
  memset(m_comp_h_blocks, 0, sizeof(m_comp_h_blocks));
  memset(m_comp_v_blocks, 0, sizeof(m_comp_v_blocks));

  m_comps_in_scan = 0;
  memset(m_comp_list, 0, sizeof(m_comp_list));
  memset(m_comp_dc_tab, 0, sizeof(m_comp_dc_tab));
  memset(m_comp_ac_tab, 0, sizeof(m_comp_ac_tab));

  m_spectral_start = 0;
  m_spectral_end = 0;
  m_successive_low = 0;
  m_successive_high = 0;
  m_max_mcu_x_size = 0;
  m_max_mcu_y_size = 0;
  m_blocks_per_mcu = 0;
  m_max_blocks_per_row = 0;
  m_mcus_per_row = 0;
  m_mcus_per_col = 0;
  m_expanded_blocks_per_component = 0;
  m_expanded_blocks_per_mcu = 0;
  m_expanded_blocks_per_row = 0;
  m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample = false;

  memset(m_mcu_org, 0, sizeof(m_mcu_org));

  m_total_lines_left = 0;
  m_mcu_lines_left = 0;
  m_real_dest_bytes_per_scan_line = 0;
  m_dest_bytes_per_scan_line = 0;
  m_dest_bytes_per_pixel = 0;

  memset(m_pHuff_tabs, 0, sizeof(m_pHuff_tabs));

  memset(m_dc_coeffs, 0, sizeof(m_dc_coeffs));
  memset(m_ac_coeffs, 0, sizeof(m_ac_coeffs));
  memset(m_block_y_mcu, 0, sizeof(m_block_y_mcu));

  m_eob_run = 0;

  memset(m_block_y_mcu, 0, sizeof(m_block_y_mcu));

  m_pIn_buf_ofs = m_in_buf;
  m_in_buf_left = 0;
  m_eof_flag = false;
  m_tem_flag = 0;

  memset(m_in_buf_pad_start, 0, sizeof(m_in_buf_pad_start));
  memset(m_in_buf, 0, sizeof(m_in_buf));
  memset(m_in_buf_pad_end, 0, sizeof(m_in_buf_pad_end));

  m_restart_interval = 0;
  m_restarts_left = 0;
  m_next_restart_num = 0;

  m_max_mcus_per_row = 0;
  m_max_blocks_per_mcu = 0;
  m_max_mcus_per_col = 0;

  memset(m_last_dc_val, 0, sizeof(m_last_dc_val));
  m_pMCU_coefficients = NULL;
  m_pSample_buf = NULL;

  m_total_bytes_read = 0;

  m_pScan_line_0 = NULL;
  m_pScan_line_1 = NULL;

  // Ready the input buffer.
  prep_in_buffer();

  // Prime the bit buffer.
  m_bits_left = 16;
  m_bit_buf = 0;

  get_bits(16);
  get_bits(16);

  for (int i = 0; i < JPGD_MAX_BLOCKS_PER_MCU; i++)
    m_mcu_block_max_zag[i] = 64;
}

#define SCALEBITS 16
#define ONE_HALF ((int)1 << (SCALEBITS - 1))
#define FIX(x) ((int)((x) * (1L << SCALEBITS) + 0.5f))

// Create a few tables that allow us to quickly convert YCbCr to RGB.
void jpeg_decoder::create_look_ups() {
  for (int i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
    int k = i - 128;
    m_crr[i] = (FIX(1.40200f) * k + ONE_HALF) >> SCALEBITS;
    m_cbb[i] = (FIX(1.77200f) * k + ONE_HALF) >> SCALEBITS;
    m_crg[i] = (-FIX(0.71414f)) * k;
    m_cbg[i] = (-FIX(0.34414f)) * k + ONE_HALF;
  }
}

// This method throws back into the stream any bytes that where read
// into the bit buffer during initial marker scanning.
void jpeg_decoder::fix_in_buffer() {
  // In case any 0xFF's where pulled into the buffer during marker scanning.
  JPGD_ASSERT((m_bits_left & 7) == 0);

  if (m_bits_left == 16)
    stuff_char((uint8)(m_bit_buf & 0xFF));

  if (m_bits_left >= 8)
    stuff_char((uint8)((m_bit_buf >> 8) & 0xFF));

  stuff_char((uint8)((m_bit_buf >> 16) & 0xFF));
  stuff_char((uint8)((m_bit_buf >> 24) & 0xFF));

  m_bits_left = 16;
  get_bits_no_markers(16);
  get_bits_no_markers(16);
}

void jpeg_decoder::transform_mcu(int mcu_row) {
  jpgd_block_t* pSrc_ptr = m_pMCU_coefficients;
  uint8* pDst_ptr = m_pSample_buf + mcu_row * m_blocks_per_mcu * 64;

  for (int mcu_block = 0; mcu_block < m_blocks_per_mcu; mcu_block++) {
    idct(pSrc_ptr, pDst_ptr, m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block]);
    pSrc_ptr += 64;
    pDst_ptr += 64;
  }
}

static const uint8 s_max_rc[64] =
    {
        17, 18, 34, 50, 50, 51, 52, 52, 52, 68, 84, 84, 84, 84, 85, 86, 86, 86, 86, 86,
        102, 118, 118, 118, 118, 118, 118, 119, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 120, 136,
        136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136,
        136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136, 136};

void jpeg_decoder::transform_mcu_expand(int mcu_row) {
  jpgd_block_t* pSrc_ptr = m_pMCU_coefficients;
  uint8* pDst_ptr = m_pSample_buf + mcu_row * m_expanded_blocks_per_mcu * 64;

  // Y IDCT
  int mcu_block;
  for (mcu_block = 0; mcu_block < m_expanded_blocks_per_component; mcu_block++) {
    idct(pSrc_ptr, pDst_ptr, m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block]);
    pSrc_ptr += 64;
    pDst_ptr += 64;
  }

  // Chroma IDCT, with upsampling
  jpgd_block_t temp_block[64];

  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44 P, Q, R, S;

    JPGD_ASSERT(m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block] >= 1);
    JPGD_ASSERT(m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block] <= 64);

    int max_zag = m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block++] - 1;
    if (max_zag <= 0)
      max_zag = 0;  // should never happen, only here to shut up static analysis
    switch (s_max_rc[max_zag]) {
      case 1 * 16 + 1:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<1, 1>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<1, 1>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 1 * 16 + 2:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<1, 2>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<1, 2>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 2 * 16 + 2:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<2, 2>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<2, 2>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 3 * 16 + 2:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<3, 2>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<3, 2>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 3 * 16 + 3:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<3, 3>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<3, 3>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 3 * 16 + 4:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<3, 4>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<3, 4>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 4 * 16 + 4:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<4, 4>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<4, 4>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 5 * 16 + 4:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<5, 4>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<5, 4>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 5 * 16 + 5:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<5, 5>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<5, 5>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 5 * 16 + 6:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<5, 6>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<5, 6>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 6 * 16 + 6:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<6, 6>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<6, 6>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 7 * 16 + 6:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<7, 6>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<7, 6>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 7 * 16 + 7:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<7, 7>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<7, 7>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 7 * 16 + 8:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<7, 8>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<7, 8>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      case 8 * 16 + 8:
        DCT_Upsample::P_Q<8, 8>::calc(P, Q, pSrc_ptr);
        DCT_Upsample::R_S<8, 8>::calc(R, S, pSrc_ptr);
        break;
      default:
        JPGD_ASSERT(false);
    }

    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44 a(P + Q);
    P -= Q;
    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44& b = P;
    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44 c(R + S);
    R -= S;
    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44& d = R;

    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44::add_and_store(temp_block, a, c);
    idct_4x4(temp_block, pDst_ptr);
    pDst_ptr += 64;

    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44::sub_and_store(temp_block, a, c);
    idct_4x4(temp_block, pDst_ptr);
    pDst_ptr += 64;

    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44::add_and_store(temp_block, b, d);
    idct_4x4(temp_block, pDst_ptr);
    pDst_ptr += 64;

    DCT_Upsample::Matrix44::sub_and_store(temp_block, b, d);
    idct_4x4(temp_block, pDst_ptr);
    pDst_ptr += 64;

    pSrc_ptr += 64;
  }
}

// Loads and dequantizes the next row of (already decoded) coefficients.
// Progressive images only.
void jpeg_decoder::load_next_row() {
  int i;
  jpgd_block_t* p;
  jpgd_quant_t* q;
  int mcu_row, mcu_block, row_block = 0;
  int component_num, component_id;
  int block_x_mcu[JPGD_MAX_COMPONENTS];

  memset(block_x_mcu, 0, JPGD_MAX_COMPONENTS * sizeof(int));

  for (mcu_row = 0; mcu_row < m_mcus_per_row; mcu_row++) {
    int block_x_mcu_ofs = 0, block_y_mcu_ofs = 0;

    for (mcu_block = 0; mcu_block < m_blocks_per_mcu; mcu_block++) {
      component_id = m_mcu_org[mcu_block];
      q = m_quant[m_comp_quant[component_id]];

      p = m_pMCU_coefficients + 64 * mcu_block;

      jpgd_block_t* pAC = coeff_buf_getp(m_ac_coeffs[component_id], block_x_mcu[component_id] + block_x_mcu_ofs, m_block_y_mcu[component_id] + block_y_mcu_ofs);
      jpgd_block_t* pDC = coeff_buf_getp(m_dc_coeffs[component_id], block_x_mcu[component_id] + block_x_mcu_ofs, m_block_y_mcu[component_id] + block_y_mcu_ofs);
      p[0] = pDC[0];
      memcpy(&p[1], &pAC[1], 63 * sizeof(jpgd_block_t));

      for (i = 63; i > 0; i--)
        if (p[g_ZAG[i]])
          break;

      m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block] = i + 1;

      for (; i >= 0; i--)
        if (p[g_ZAG[i]])
          p[g_ZAG[i]] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(p[g_ZAG[i]] * q[i]);

      row_block++;

      if (m_comps_in_scan == 1)
        block_x_mcu[component_id]++;
      else {
        if (++block_x_mcu_ofs == m_comp_h_samp[component_id]) {
          block_x_mcu_ofs = 0;

          if (++block_y_mcu_ofs == m_comp_v_samp[component_id]) {
            block_y_mcu_ofs = 0;

            block_x_mcu[component_id] += m_comp_h_samp[component_id];
          }
        }
      }
    }

    if (m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample)
      transform_mcu_expand(mcu_row);
    else
      transform_mcu(mcu_row);
  }

  if (m_comps_in_scan == 1)
    m_block_y_mcu[m_comp_list[0]]++;
  else {
    for (component_num = 0; component_num < m_comps_in_scan; component_num++) {
      component_id = m_comp_list[component_num];

      m_block_y_mcu[component_id] += m_comp_v_samp[component_id];
    }
  }
}

// Restart interval processing.
void jpeg_decoder::process_restart() {
  int i;
  int c = 0;

  // Align to a byte boundry
  // FIXME: Is this really necessary? get_bits_no_markers() never reads in markers!
  //get_bits_no_markers(m_bits_left & 7);

  // Let's scan a little bit to find the marker, but not _too_ far.
  // 1536 is a "fudge factor" that determines how much to scan.
  for (i = 1536; i > 0; i--)
    if (get_char() == 0xFF)
      break;

  if (i == 0)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_RESTART_MARKER);

  for (; i > 0; i--)
    if ((c = get_char()) != 0xFF)
      break;

  if (i == 0)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_RESTART_MARKER);

  // Is it the expected marker? If not, something bad happened.
  if (c != (m_next_restart_num + M_RST0))
    stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_RESTART_MARKER);

  // Reset each component's DC prediction values.
  memset(&m_last_dc_val, 0, m_comps_in_frame * sizeof(uint));

  m_eob_run = 0;

  m_restarts_left = m_restart_interval;

  m_next_restart_num = (m_next_restart_num + 1) & 7;

  // Get the bit buffer going again...

  m_bits_left = 16;
  get_bits_no_markers(16);
  get_bits_no_markers(16);
}

static inline int dequantize_ac(int c, int q) {
  c *= q;
  return c;
}

// Decodes and dequantizes the next row of coefficients.
void jpeg_decoder::decode_next_row() {
  int row_block = 0;

  for (int mcu_row = 0; mcu_row < m_mcus_per_row; mcu_row++) {
    if ((m_restart_interval) && (m_restarts_left == 0))
      process_restart();

    jpgd_block_t* p = m_pMCU_coefficients;
    for (int mcu_block = 0; mcu_block < m_blocks_per_mcu; mcu_block++, p += 64) {
      int component_id = m_mcu_org[mcu_block];
      jpgd_quant_t* q = m_quant[m_comp_quant[component_id]];

      int r, s;
      s = huff_decode(m_pHuff_tabs[m_comp_dc_tab[component_id]], r);
      s = JPGD_HUFF_EXTEND(r, s);

      m_last_dc_val[component_id] = (s += m_last_dc_val[component_id]);

      p[0] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(s * q[0]);

      int prev_num_set = m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block];

      huff_tables* pH = m_pHuff_tabs[m_comp_ac_tab[component_id]];

      int k;
      for (k = 1; k < 64; k++) {
        int extra_bits;
        s = huff_decode(pH, extra_bits);

        r = s >> 4;
        s &= 15;

        if (s) {
          if (r) {
            if ((k + r) > 63)
              stop_decoding(JPGD_DECODE_ERROR);

            if (k < prev_num_set) {
              int n = JPGD_MIN(r, prev_num_set - k);
              int kt = k;
              while (n--)
                p[g_ZAG[kt++]] = 0;
            }

            k += r;
          }

          s = JPGD_HUFF_EXTEND(extra_bits, s);

          JPGD_ASSERT(k < 64);

          p[g_ZAG[k]] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(dequantize_ac(s, q[k]));  //s * q[k];
        } else {
          if (r == 15) {
            if ((k + 16) > 64)
              stop_decoding(JPGD_DECODE_ERROR);

            if (k < prev_num_set) {
              int n = JPGD_MIN(16, prev_num_set - k);
              int kt = k;
              while (n--) {
                JPGD_ASSERT(kt <= 63);
                p[g_ZAG[kt++]] = 0;
              }
            }

            k += 16 - 1;  // - 1 because the loop counter is k
            JPGD_ASSERT(p[g_ZAG[k]] == 0);
          } else
            break;
        }
      }

      if (k < prev_num_set) {
        int kt = k;
        while (kt < prev_num_set)
          p[g_ZAG[kt++]] = 0;
      }

      m_mcu_block_max_zag[mcu_block] = k;

      row_block++;
    }

    if (m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample)
      transform_mcu_expand(mcu_row);
    else
      transform_mcu(mcu_row);

    m_restarts_left--;
  }
}

// YCbCr H1V1 (1x1:1:1, 3 m_blocks per MCU) to RGB
void jpeg_decoder::H1V1Convert() {
  int row = m_max_mcu_y_size - m_mcu_lines_left;
  uint8* d = m_pScan_line_0;
  uint8* s = m_pSample_buf + row * 8;

  for (int i = m_max_mcus_per_row; i > 0; i--) {
    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
      int y = s[j];
      int cb = s[64 + j];
      int cr = s[128 + j];

      d[0] = clamp(y + m_crr[cr]);
      d[1] = clamp(y + ((m_crg[cr] + m_cbg[cb]) >> 16));
      d[2] = clamp(y + m_cbb[cb]);
      d[3] = 255;

      d += 4;
    }

    s += 64 * 3;
  }
}

// YCbCr H2V1 (2x1:1:1, 4 m_blocks per MCU) to RGB
void jpeg_decoder::H2V1Convert() {
  int row = m_max_mcu_y_size - m_mcu_lines_left;
  uint8* d0 = m_pScan_line_0;
  uint8* y = m_pSample_buf + row * 8;
  uint8* c = m_pSample_buf + 2 * 64 + row * 8;

  for (int i = m_max_mcus_per_row; i > 0; i--) {
    for (int l = 0; l < 2; l++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
        int cb = c[0];
        int cr = c[64];

        int rc = m_crr[cr];
        int gc = ((m_crg[cr] + m_cbg[cb]) >> 16);
        int bc = m_cbb[cb];

        int yy = y[j << 1];
        d0[0] = clamp(yy + rc);
        d0[1] = clamp(yy + gc);
        d0[2] = clamp(yy + bc);
        d0[3] = 255;

        yy = y[(j << 1) + 1];
        d0[4] = clamp(yy + rc);
        d0[5] = clamp(yy + gc);
        d0[6] = clamp(yy + bc);
        d0[7] = 255;

        d0 += 8;

        c++;
      }
      y += 64;
    }

    y += 64 * 4 - 64 * 2;
    c += 64 * 4 - 8;
  }
}

// YCbCr H2V1 (1x2:1:1, 4 m_blocks per MCU) to RGB
void jpeg_decoder::H1V2Convert() {
  int row = m_max_mcu_y_size - m_mcu_lines_left;
  uint8* d0 = m_pScan_line_0;
  uint8* d1 = m_pScan_line_1;
  uint8* y;
  uint8* c;

  if (row < 8)
    y = m_pSample_buf + row * 8;
  else
    y = m_pSample_buf + 64 * 1 + (row & 7) * 8;

  c = m_pSample_buf + 64 * 2 + (row >> 1) * 8;

  for (int i = m_max_mcus_per_row; i > 0; i--) {
    for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
      int cb = c[0 + j];
      int cr = c[64 + j];

      int rc = m_crr[cr];
      int gc = ((m_crg[cr] + m_cbg[cb]) >> 16);
      int bc = m_cbb[cb];

      int yy = y[j];
      d0[0] = clamp(yy + rc);
      d0[1] = clamp(yy + gc);
      d0[2] = clamp(yy + bc);
      d0[3] = 255;

      yy = y[8 + j];
      d1[0] = clamp(yy + rc);
      d1[1] = clamp(yy + gc);
      d1[2] = clamp(yy + bc);
      d1[3] = 255;

      d0 += 4;
      d1 += 4;
    }

    y += 64 * 4;
    c += 64 * 4;
  }
}

// YCbCr H2V2 (2x2:1:1, 6 m_blocks per MCU) to RGB
void jpeg_decoder::H2V2Convert() {
  int row = m_max_mcu_y_size - m_mcu_lines_left;
  uint8* d0 = m_pScan_line_0;
  uint8* d1 = m_pScan_line_1;
  uint8* y;
  uint8* c;

  if (row < 8)
    y = m_pSample_buf + row * 8;
  else
    y = m_pSample_buf + 64 * 2 + (row & 7) * 8;

  c = m_pSample_buf + 64 * 4 + (row >> 1) * 8;

  for (int i = m_max_mcus_per_row; i > 0; i--) {
    for (int l = 0; l < 2; l++) {
      for (int j = 0; j < 8; j += 2) {
        int cb = c[0];
        int cr = c[64];

        int rc = m_crr[cr];
        int gc = ((m_crg[cr] + m_cbg[cb]) >> 16);
        int bc = m_cbb[cb];

        int yy = y[j];
        d0[0] = clamp(yy + rc);
        d0[1] = clamp(yy + gc);
        d0[2] = clamp(yy + bc);
        d0[3] = 255;

        yy = y[j + 1];
        d0[4] = clamp(yy + rc);
        d0[5] = clamp(yy + gc);
        d0[6] = clamp(yy + bc);
        d0[7] = 255;

        yy = y[j + 8];
        d1[0] = clamp(yy + rc);
        d1[1] = clamp(yy + gc);
        d1[2] = clamp(yy + bc);
        d1[3] = 255;

        yy = y[j + 8 + 1];
        d1[4] = clamp(yy + rc);
        d1[5] = clamp(yy + gc);
        d1[6] = clamp(yy + bc);
        d1[7] = 255;

        d0 += 8;
        d1 += 8;

        c++;
      }
      y += 64;
    }

    y += 64 * 6 - 64 * 2;
    c += 64 * 6 - 8;
  }
}

// Y (1 block per MCU) to 8-bit grayscale
void jpeg_decoder::gray_convert() {
  int row = m_max_mcu_y_size - m_mcu_lines_left;
  uint8* d = m_pScan_line_0;
  uint8* s = m_pSample_buf + row * 8;

  for (int i = m_max_mcus_per_row; i > 0; i--) {
    *(uint*)d = *(uint*)s;
    *(uint*)(&d[4]) = *(uint*)(&s[4]);

    s += 64;
    d += 8;
  }
}

void jpeg_decoder::expanded_convert() {
  int row = m_max_mcu_y_size - m_mcu_lines_left;

  uint8* Py = m_pSample_buf + (row / 8) * 64 * m_comp_h_samp[0] + (row & 7) * 8;

  uint8* d = m_pScan_line_0;

  for (int i = m_max_mcus_per_row; i > 0; i--) {
    for (int k = 0; k < m_max_mcu_x_size; k += 8) {
      const int Y_ofs = k * 8;
      const int Cb_ofs = Y_ofs + 64 * m_expanded_blocks_per_component;
      const int Cr_ofs = Y_ofs + 64 * m_expanded_blocks_per_component * 2;
      for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++) {
        int y = Py[Y_ofs + j];
        int cb = Py[Cb_ofs + j];
        int cr = Py[Cr_ofs + j];

        d[0] = clamp(y + m_crr[cr]);
        d[1] = clamp(y + ((m_crg[cr] + m_cbg[cb]) >> 16));
        d[2] = clamp(y + m_cbb[cb]);
        d[3] = 255;

        d += 4;
      }
    }

    Py += 64 * m_expanded_blocks_per_mcu;
  }
}

// Find end of image (EOI) marker, so we can return to the user the exact size of the input stream.
void jpeg_decoder::find_eoi() {
  if (!m_progressive_flag) {
    // Attempt to read the EOI marker.
    //get_bits_no_markers(m_bits_left & 7);

    // Prime the bit buffer
    m_bits_left = 16;
    get_bits(16);
    get_bits(16);

    // The next marker _should_ be EOI
    process_markers();
  }

  m_total_bytes_read -= m_in_buf_left;
}

int jpeg_decoder::decode(const void** pScan_line, uint* pScan_line_len) {
  if ((m_error_code) || (!m_ready_flag))
    return JPGD_FAILED;

  if (m_total_lines_left == 0)
    return JPGD_DONE;

  if (m_mcu_lines_left == 0) {
    if (setjmp(m_jmp_state))
      return JPGD_FAILED;

    if (m_progressive_flag)
      load_next_row();
    else
      decode_next_row();

    // Find the EOI marker if that was the last row.
    if (m_total_lines_left <= m_max_mcu_y_size)
      find_eoi();

    m_mcu_lines_left = m_max_mcu_y_size;
  }

  if (m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample) {
    expanded_convert();
    *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_0;
  } else {
    switch (m_scan_type) {
      case JPGD_YH2V2: {
        if ((m_mcu_lines_left & 1) == 0) {
          H2V2Convert();
          *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_0;
        } else
          *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_1;

        break;
      }
      case JPGD_YH2V1: {
        H2V1Convert();
        *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_0;
        break;
      }
      case JPGD_YH1V2: {
        if ((m_mcu_lines_left & 1) == 0) {
          H1V2Convert();
          *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_0;
        } else
          *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_1;

        break;
      }
      case JPGD_YH1V1: {
        H1V1Convert();
        *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_0;
        break;
      }
      case JPGD_GRAYSCALE: {
        gray_convert();
        *pScan_line = m_pScan_line_0;

        break;
      }
    }
  }

  *pScan_line_len = m_real_dest_bytes_per_scan_line;

  m_mcu_lines_left--;
  m_total_lines_left--;

  return JPGD_SUCCESS;
}

// Creates the tables needed for efficient Huffman decoding.
void jpeg_decoder::make_huff_table(int index, huff_tables* pH) {
  int p, i, l, si;
  uint8 huffsize[257];
  uint huffcode[257];
  uint code;
  uint subtree;
  int code_size;
  int lastp;
  int nextfreeentry;
  int currententry;

  pH->ac_table = m_huff_ac[index] != 0;

  p = 0;

  for (l = 1; l <= 16; l++) {
    for (i = 1; i <= m_huff_num[index][l]; i++)
      huffsize[p++] = static_cast<uint8>(l);
  }

  huffsize[p] = 0;

  lastp = p;

  code = 0;
  si = huffsize[0];
  p = 0;

  while (huffsize[p]) {
    while (huffsize[p] == si) {
      huffcode[p++] = code;
      code++;
    }

    code <<= 1;
    si++;
  }

  memset(pH->look_up, 0, sizeof(pH->look_up));
  memset(pH->look_up2, 0, sizeof(pH->look_up2));
  memset(pH->tree, 0, sizeof(pH->tree));
  memset(pH->code_size, 0, sizeof(pH->code_size));

  nextfreeentry = -1;

  p = 0;

  while (p < lastp) {
    i = m_huff_val[index][p];
    code = huffcode[p];
    code_size = huffsize[p];

    pH->code_size[i] = static_cast<uint8>(code_size);

    if (code_size <= 8) {
      code <<= (8 - code_size);

      for (l = 1 << (8 - code_size); l > 0; l--) {
        JPGD_ASSERT(i < 256);

        pH->look_up[code] = i;

        bool has_extrabits = false;
        int extra_bits = 0;
        int num_extra_bits = i & 15;

        int bits_to_fetch = code_size;
        if (num_extra_bits) {
          int total_codesize = code_size + num_extra_bits;
          if (total_codesize <= 8) {
            has_extrabits = true;
            extra_bits = ((1 << num_extra_bits) - 1) & (code >> (8 - total_codesize));
            JPGD_ASSERT(extra_bits <= 0x7FFF);
            bits_to_fetch += num_extra_bits;
          }
        }

        if (!has_extrabits)
          pH->look_up2[code] = i | (bits_to_fetch << 8);
        else
          pH->look_up2[code] = i | 0x8000 | (extra_bits << 16) | (bits_to_fetch << 8);

        code++;
      }
    } else {
      subtree = (code >> (code_size - 8)) & 0xFF;

      currententry = pH->look_up[subtree];

      if (currententry == 0) {
        pH->look_up[subtree] = currententry = nextfreeentry;
        pH->look_up2[subtree] = currententry = nextfreeentry;

        nextfreeentry -= 2;
      }

      code <<= (16 - (code_size - 8));

      for (l = code_size; l > 9; l--) {
        if ((code & 0x8000) == 0)
          currententry--;

        if (pH->tree[-currententry - 1] == 0) {
          pH->tree[-currententry - 1] = nextfreeentry;

          currententry = nextfreeentry;

          nextfreeentry -= 2;
        } else
          currententry = pH->tree[-currententry - 1];

        code <<= 1;
      }

      if ((code & 0x8000) == 0)
        currententry--;

      pH->tree[-currententry - 1] = i;
    }

    p++;
  }
}

// Verifies the quantization tables needed for this scan are available.
void jpeg_decoder::check_quant_tables() {
  for (int i = 0; i < m_comps_in_scan; i++)
    if (m_quant[m_comp_quant[m_comp_list[i]]] == NULL)
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNDEFINED_QUANT_TABLE);
}

// Verifies that all the Huffman tables needed for this scan are available.
void jpeg_decoder::check_huff_tables() {
  for (int i = 0; i < m_comps_in_scan; i++) {
    if ((m_spectral_start == 0) && (m_huff_num[m_comp_dc_tab[m_comp_list[i]]] == NULL))
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNDEFINED_HUFF_TABLE);

    if ((m_spectral_end > 0) && (m_huff_num[m_comp_ac_tab[m_comp_list[i]]] == NULL))
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNDEFINED_HUFF_TABLE);
  }

  for (int i = 0; i < JPGD_MAX_HUFF_TABLES; i++)
    if (m_huff_num[i]) {
      if (!m_pHuff_tabs[i])
        m_pHuff_tabs[i] = (huff_tables*)alloc(sizeof(huff_tables));

      make_huff_table(i, m_pHuff_tabs[i]);
    }
}

// Determines the component order inside each MCU.
// Also calcs how many MCU's are on each row, etc.
void jpeg_decoder::calc_mcu_block_order() {
  int component_num, component_id;
  int max_h_samp = 0, max_v_samp = 0;

  for (component_id = 0; component_id < m_comps_in_frame; component_id++) {
    if (m_comp_h_samp[component_id] > max_h_samp)
      max_h_samp = m_comp_h_samp[component_id];

    if (m_comp_v_samp[component_id] > max_v_samp)
      max_v_samp = m_comp_v_samp[component_id];
  }

  for (component_id = 0; component_id < m_comps_in_frame; component_id++) {
    m_comp_h_blocks[component_id] = ((((m_image_x_size * m_comp_h_samp[component_id]) + (max_h_samp - 1)) / max_h_samp) + 7) / 8;
    m_comp_v_blocks[component_id] = ((((m_image_y_size * m_comp_v_samp[component_id]) + (max_v_samp - 1)) / max_v_samp) + 7) / 8;
  }

  if (m_comps_in_scan == 1) {
    m_mcus_per_row = m_comp_h_blocks[m_comp_list[0]];
    m_mcus_per_col = m_comp_v_blocks[m_comp_list[0]];
  } else {
    m_mcus_per_row = (((m_image_x_size + 7) / 8) + (max_h_samp - 1)) / max_h_samp;
    m_mcus_per_col = (((m_image_y_size + 7) / 8) + (max_v_samp - 1)) / max_v_samp;
  }

  if (m_comps_in_scan == 1) {
    m_mcu_org[0] = m_comp_list[0];

    m_blocks_per_mcu = 1;
  } else {
    m_blocks_per_mcu = 0;

    for (component_num = 0; component_num < m_comps_in_scan; component_num++) {
      int num_blocks;

      component_id = m_comp_list[component_num];

      num_blocks = m_comp_h_samp[component_id] * m_comp_v_samp[component_id];

      while (num_blocks--)
        m_mcu_org[m_blocks_per_mcu++] = component_id;
    }
  }
}

// Starts a new scan.
int jpeg_decoder::init_scan() {
  if (!locate_sos_marker())
    return JPGD_FALSE;

  calc_mcu_block_order();

  check_huff_tables();

  check_quant_tables();

  memset(m_last_dc_val, 0, m_comps_in_frame * sizeof(uint));

  m_eob_run = 0;

  if (m_restart_interval) {
    m_restarts_left = m_restart_interval;
    m_next_restart_num = 0;
  }

  fix_in_buffer();

  return JPGD_TRUE;
}

// Starts a frame. Determines if the number of components or sampling factors
// are supported.
void jpeg_decoder::init_frame() {
  int i;

  if (m_comps_in_frame == 1) {
    if ((m_comp_h_samp[0] != 1) || (m_comp_v_samp[0] != 1))
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNSUPPORTED_SAMP_FACTORS);

    m_scan_type = JPGD_GRAYSCALE;
    m_max_blocks_per_mcu = 1;
    m_max_mcu_x_size = 8;
    m_max_mcu_y_size = 8;
  } else if (m_comps_in_frame == 3) {
    if (((m_comp_h_samp[1] != 1) || (m_comp_v_samp[1] != 1)) ||
        ((m_comp_h_samp[2] != 1) || (m_comp_v_samp[2] != 1)))
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNSUPPORTED_SAMP_FACTORS);

    if ((m_comp_h_samp[0] == 1) && (m_comp_v_samp[0] == 1)) {
      m_scan_type = JPGD_YH1V1;

      m_max_blocks_per_mcu = 3;
      m_max_mcu_x_size = 8;
      m_max_mcu_y_size = 8;
    } else if ((m_comp_h_samp[0] == 2) && (m_comp_v_samp[0] == 1)) {
      m_scan_type = JPGD_YH2V1;
      m_max_blocks_per_mcu = 4;
      m_max_mcu_x_size = 16;
      m_max_mcu_y_size = 8;
    } else if ((m_comp_h_samp[0] == 1) && (m_comp_v_samp[0] == 2)) {
      m_scan_type = JPGD_YH1V2;
      m_max_blocks_per_mcu = 4;
      m_max_mcu_x_size = 8;
      m_max_mcu_y_size = 16;
    } else if ((m_comp_h_samp[0] == 2) && (m_comp_v_samp[0] == 2)) {
      m_scan_type = JPGD_YH2V2;
      m_max_blocks_per_mcu = 6;
      m_max_mcu_x_size = 16;
      m_max_mcu_y_size = 16;
    } else
      stop_decoding(JPGD_UNSUPPORTED_SAMP_FACTORS);
  } else
    stop_decoding(JPGD_UNSUPPORTED_COLORSPACE);

  m_max_mcus_per_row = (m_image_x_size + (m_max_mcu_x_size - 1)) / m_max_mcu_x_size;
  m_max_mcus_per_col = (m_image_y_size + (m_max_mcu_y_size - 1)) / m_max_mcu_y_size;

  // These values are for the *destination* pixels: after conversion.
  if (m_scan_type == JPGD_GRAYSCALE)
    m_dest_bytes_per_pixel = 1;
  else
    m_dest_bytes_per_pixel = 4;

  m_dest_bytes_per_scan_line = ((m_image_x_size + 15) & 0xFFF0) * m_dest_bytes_per_pixel;

  m_real_dest_bytes_per_scan_line = (m_image_x_size * m_dest_bytes_per_pixel);

  // Initialize two scan line buffers.
  m_pScan_line_0 = (uint8*)alloc(m_dest_bytes_per_scan_line, true);
  if ((m_scan_type == JPGD_YH1V2) || (m_scan_type == JPGD_YH2V2))
    m_pScan_line_1 = (uint8*)alloc(m_dest_bytes_per_scan_line, true);

  m_max_blocks_per_row = m_max_mcus_per_row * m_max_blocks_per_mcu;

  // Should never happen
  if (m_max_blocks_per_row > JPGD_MAX_BLOCKS_PER_ROW)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_ASSERTION_ERROR);

  // Allocate the coefficient buffer, enough for one MCU
  m_pMCU_coefficients = (jpgd_block_t*)alloc(m_max_blocks_per_mcu * 64 * sizeof(jpgd_block_t));

  for (i = 0; i < m_max_blocks_per_mcu; i++)
    m_mcu_block_max_zag[i] = 64;

  m_expanded_blocks_per_component = m_comp_h_samp[0] * m_comp_v_samp[0];
  m_expanded_blocks_per_mcu = m_expanded_blocks_per_component * m_comps_in_frame;
  m_expanded_blocks_per_row = m_max_mcus_per_row * m_expanded_blocks_per_mcu;
  // Freq. domain chroma upsampling is only supported for H2V2 subsampling factor (the most common one I've seen).
  m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample = false;
#if JPGD_SUPPORT_FREQ_DOMAIN_UPSAMPLING
  m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample = (m_expanded_blocks_per_mcu == 4 * 3);
#endif

  if (m_freq_domain_chroma_upsample)
    m_pSample_buf = (uint8*)alloc(m_expanded_blocks_per_row * 64);
  else
    m_pSample_buf = (uint8*)alloc(m_max_blocks_per_row * 64);

  m_total_lines_left = m_image_y_size;

  m_mcu_lines_left = 0;

  create_look_ups();
}

// The coeff_buf series of methods originally stored the coefficients
// into a "virtual" file which was located in EMS, XMS, or a disk file. A cache
// was used to make this process more efficient. Now, we can store the entire
// thing in RAM.
jpeg_decoder::coeff_buf* jpeg_decoder::coeff_buf_open(int block_num_x, int block_num_y, int block_len_x, int block_len_y) {
  coeff_buf* cb = (coeff_buf*)alloc(sizeof(coeff_buf));

  cb->block_num_x = block_num_x;
  cb->block_num_y = block_num_y;
  cb->block_len_x = block_len_x;
  cb->block_len_y = block_len_y;
  cb->block_size = (block_len_x * block_len_y) * sizeof(jpgd_block_t);
  cb->pData = (uint8*)alloc(cb->block_size * block_num_x * block_num_y, true);
  return cb;
}

inline jpgd_block_t* jpeg_decoder::coeff_buf_getp(coeff_buf* cb, int block_x, int block_y) {
  JPGD_ASSERT((block_x < cb->block_num_x) && (block_y < cb->block_num_y));
  return (jpgd_block_t*)(cb->pData + block_x * cb->block_size + block_y * (cb->block_size * cb->block_num_x));
}

// The following methods decode the various types of m_blocks encountered
// in progressively encoded images.
void jpeg_decoder::decode_block_dc_first(jpeg_decoder* pD, int component_id, int block_x, int block_y) {
  int s, r;
  jpgd_block_t* p = pD->coeff_buf_getp(pD->m_dc_coeffs[component_id], block_x, block_y);

  if ((s = pD->huff_decode(pD->m_pHuff_tabs[pD->m_comp_dc_tab[component_id]])) != 0) {
    r = pD->get_bits_no_markers(s);
    s = JPGD_HUFF_EXTEND(r, s);
  }

  pD->m_last_dc_val[component_id] = (s += pD->m_last_dc_val[component_id]);

  p[0] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(s << pD->m_successive_low);
}

void jpeg_decoder::decode_block_dc_refine(jpeg_decoder* pD, int component_id, int block_x, int block_y) {
  if (pD->get_bits_no_markers(1)) {
    jpgd_block_t* p = pD->coeff_buf_getp(pD->m_dc_coeffs[component_id], block_x, block_y);

    p[0] |= (1 << pD->m_successive_low);
  }
}

void jpeg_decoder::decode_block_ac_first(jpeg_decoder* pD, int component_id, int block_x, int block_y) {
  int k, s, r;

  if (pD->m_eob_run) {
    pD->m_eob_run--;
    return;
  }

  jpgd_block_t* p = pD->coeff_buf_getp(pD->m_ac_coeffs[component_id], block_x, block_y);

  for (k = pD->m_spectral_start; k <= pD->m_spectral_end; k++) {
    s = pD->huff_decode(pD->m_pHuff_tabs[pD->m_comp_ac_tab[component_id]]);

    r = s >> 4;
    s &= 15;

    if (s) {
      if ((k += r) > 63)
        pD->stop_decoding(JPGD_DECODE_ERROR);

      r = pD->get_bits_no_markers(s);
      s = JPGD_HUFF_EXTEND(r, s);

      p[g_ZAG[k]] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(s << pD->m_successive_low);
    } else {
      if (r == 15) {
        if ((k += 15) > 63)
          pD->stop_decoding(JPGD_DECODE_ERROR);
      } else {
        pD->m_eob_run = 1 << r;

        if (r)
          pD->m_eob_run += pD->get_bits_no_markers(r);

        pD->m_eob_run--;

        break;
      }
    }
  }
}

void jpeg_decoder::decode_block_ac_refine(jpeg_decoder* pD, int component_id, int block_x, int block_y) {
  int s, k, r;
  int p1 = 1 << pD->m_successive_low;
  int m1 = (-1) << pD->m_successive_low;
  jpgd_block_t* p = pD->coeff_buf_getp(pD->m_ac_coeffs[component_id], block_x, block_y);

  JPGD_ASSERT(pD->m_spectral_end <= 63);

  k = pD->m_spectral_start;

  if (pD->m_eob_run == 0) {
    for (; k <= pD->m_spectral_end; k++) {
      s = pD->huff_decode(pD->m_pHuff_tabs[pD->m_comp_ac_tab[component_id]]);

      r = s >> 4;
      s &= 15;

      if (s) {
        if (s != 1)
          pD->stop_decoding(JPGD_DECODE_ERROR);

        if (pD->get_bits_no_markers(1))
          s = p1;
        else
          s = m1;
      } else {
        if (r != 15) {
          pD->m_eob_run = 1 << r;

          if (r)
            pD->m_eob_run += pD->get_bits_no_markers(r);

          break;
        }
      }

      do {
        jpgd_block_t* this_coef = p + g_ZAG[k & 63];

        if (*this_coef != 0) {
          if (pD->get_bits_no_markers(1)) {
            if ((*this_coef & p1) == 0) {
              if (*this_coef >= 0)
                *this_coef = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(*this_coef + p1);
              else
                *this_coef = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(*this_coef + m1);
            }
          }
        } else {
          if (--r < 0)
            break;
        }

        k++;

      } while (k <= pD->m_spectral_end);

      if ((s) && (k < 64)) {
        p[g_ZAG[k]] = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(s);
      }
    }
  }

  if (pD->m_eob_run > 0) {
    for (; k <= pD->m_spectral_end; k++) {
      jpgd_block_t* this_coef = p + g_ZAG[k & 63];  // logical AND to shut up static code analysis

      if (*this_coef != 0) {
        if (pD->get_bits_no_markers(1)) {
          if ((*this_coef & p1) == 0) {
            if (*this_coef >= 0)
              *this_coef = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(*this_coef + p1);
            else
              *this_coef = static_cast<jpgd_block_t>(*this_coef + m1);
          }
        }
      }
    }

    pD->m_eob_run--;
  }
}

// Decode a scan in a progressively encoded image.
void jpeg_decoder::decode_scan(pDecode_block_func decode_block_func) {
  int mcu_row, mcu_col, mcu_block;
  int block_x_mcu[JPGD_MAX_COMPONENTS], m_block_y_mcu[JPGD_MAX_COMPONENTS];

  memset(m_block_y_mcu, 0, sizeof(m_block_y_mcu));

  for (mcu_col = 0; mcu_col < m_mcus_per_col; mcu_col++) {
    int component_num, component_id;

    memset(block_x_mcu, 0, sizeof(block_x_mcu));

    for (mcu_row = 0; mcu_row < m_mcus_per_row; mcu_row++) {
      int block_x_mcu_ofs = 0, block_y_mcu_ofs = 0;

      if ((m_restart_interval) && (m_restarts_left == 0))
        process_restart();

      for (mcu_block = 0; mcu_block < m_blocks_per_mcu; mcu_block++) {
        component_id = m_mcu_org[mcu_block];

        decode_block_func(this, component_id, block_x_mcu[component_id] + block_x_mcu_ofs, m_block_y_mcu[component_id] + block_y_mcu_ofs);

        if (m_comps_in_scan == 1)
          block_x_mcu[component_id]++;
        else {
          if (++block_x_mcu_ofs == m_comp_h_samp[component_id]) {
            block_x_mcu_ofs = 0;

            if (++block_y_mcu_ofs == m_comp_v_samp[component_id]) {
              block_y_mcu_ofs = 0;
              block_x_mcu[component_id] += m_comp_h_samp[component_id];
            }
          }
        }
      }

      m_restarts_left--;
    }

    if (m_comps_in_scan == 1)
      m_block_y_mcu[m_comp_list[0]]++;
    else {
      for (component_num = 0; component_num < m_comps_in_scan; component_num++) {
        component_id = m_comp_list[component_num];
        m_block_y_mcu[component_id] += m_comp_v_samp[component_id];
      }
    }
  }
}

// Decode a progressively encoded image.
void jpeg_decoder::init_progressive() {
  int i;

  if (m_comps_in_frame == 4)
    stop_decoding(JPGD_UNSUPPORTED_COLORSPACE);

  // Allocate the coefficient buffers.
  for (i = 0; i < m_comps_in_frame; i++) {
    m_dc_coeffs[i] = coeff_buf_open(m_max_mcus_per_row * m_comp_h_samp[i], m_max_mcus_per_col * m_comp_v_samp[i], 1, 1);
    m_ac_coeffs[i] = coeff_buf_open(m_max_mcus_per_row * m_comp_h_samp[i], m_max_mcus_per_col * m_comp_v_samp[i], 8, 8);
  }

  for (;;) {
    int dc_only_scan, refinement_scan;
    pDecode_block_func decode_block_func;

    if (!init_scan())
      break;

    dc_only_scan = (m_spectral_start == 0);
    refinement_scan = (m_successive_high != 0);

    if ((m_spectral_start > m_spectral_end) || (m_spectral_end > 63))
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOS_SPECTRAL);

    if (dc_only_scan) {
      if (m_spectral_end)
        stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOS_SPECTRAL);
    } else if (m_comps_in_scan != 1) /* AC scans can only contain one component */
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOS_SPECTRAL);

    if ((refinement_scan) && (m_successive_low != m_successive_high - 1))
      stop_decoding(JPGD_BAD_SOS_SUCCESSIVE);

    if (dc_only_scan) {
      if (refinement_scan)
        decode_block_func = decode_block_dc_refine;
      else
        decode_block_func = decode_block_dc_first;
    } else {
      if (refinement_scan)
        decode_block_func = decode_block_ac_refine;
      else
        decode_block_func = decode_block_ac_first;
    }

    decode_scan(decode_block_func);

    m_bits_left = 16;
    get_bits(16);
    get_bits(16);
  }

  m_comps_in_scan = m_comps_in_frame;

  for (i = 0; i < m_comps_in_frame; i++)
    m_comp_list[i] = i;

  calc_mcu_block_order();
}

void jpeg_decoder::init_sequential() {
  if (!init_scan())
    stop_decoding(JPGD_UNEXPECTED_MARKER);
}

void jpeg_decoder::decode_start() {
  init_frame();

  if (m_progressive_flag)
    init_progressive();
  else
    init_sequential();
}

void jpeg_decoder::decode_init(jpeg_decoder_stream* pStream) {
  init(pStream);
  locate_sof_marker();
}

jpeg_decoder::jpeg_decoder(jpeg_decoder_stream* pStream) {
  if (setjmp(m_jmp_state))
    return;
  decode_init(pStream);
}

int jpeg_decoder::begin_decoding() {
  if (m_ready_flag)
    return JPGD_SUCCESS;

  if (m_error_code)
    return JPGD_FAILED;

  if (setjmp(m_jmp_state))
    return JPGD_FAILED;

  decode_start();

  m_ready_flag = true;

  return JPGD_SUCCESS;
}

jpeg_decoder::~jpeg_decoder() {
  free_all_blocks();
}

jpeg_decoder_file_stream::jpeg_decoder_file_stream() {
  m_pFile = NULL;
  m_eof_flag = false;
  m_error_flag = false;
}

void jpeg_decoder_file_stream::close() {
  if (m_pFile) {
    fclose(m_pFile);
    m_pFile = NULL;
  }

  m_eof_flag = false;
  m_error_flag = false;
}

jpeg_decoder_file_stream::~jpeg_decoder_file_stream() {
  close();
}

bool jpeg_decoder_file_stream::open(const char* Pfilename) {
  close();

  m_eof_flag = false;
  m_error_flag = false;

#if defined(_MSC_VER)
  m_pFile = NULL;
  fopen_s(&m_pFile, Pfilename, "rb");
#else
  m_pFile = fopen(Pfilename, "rb");
#endif
  return m_pFile != NULL;
}

int jpeg_decoder_file_stream::read(uint8* pBuf, int max_bytes_to_read, bool* pEOF_flag) {
  if (!m_pFile)
    return -1;

  if (m_eof_flag) {
    *pEOF_flag = true;
    return 0;
  }

  if (m_error_flag)
    return -1;

  int bytes_read = static_cast<int>(fread(pBuf, 1, max_bytes_to_read, m_pFile));
  if (bytes_read < max_bytes_to_read) {
    if (ferror(m_pFile)) {
      m_error_flag = true;
      return -1;
    }

    m_eof_flag = true;
    *pEOF_flag = true;
  }

  return bytes_read;
}

bool jpeg_decoder_mem_stream::open(const uint8* pSrc_data, uint size) {
  close();
  m_pSrc_data = pSrc_data;
  m_ofs = 0;
  m_size = size;
  return true;
}

int jpeg_decoder_mem_stream::read(uint8* pBuf, int max_bytes_to_read, bool* pEOF_flag) {
  *pEOF_flag = false;

  if (!m_pSrc_data)
    return -1;

  uint bytes_remaining = m_size - m_ofs;
  if ((uint)max_bytes_to_read > bytes_remaining) {
    max_bytes_to_read = bytes_remaining;
    *pEOF_flag = true;
  }

  memcpy(pBuf, m_pSrc_data + m_ofs, max_bytes_to_read);
  m_ofs += max_bytes_to_read;

  return max_bytes_to_read;
}

unsigned char* decompress_jpeg_image_from_stream(jpeg_decoder_stream* pStream, int* width, int* height, int* actual_comps, int req_comps) {
  if (!actual_comps)
    return NULL;
  *actual_comps = 0;

  if ((!pStream) || (!width) || (!height) || (!req_comps))
    return NULL;

  if ((req_comps != 1) && (req_comps != 3) && (req_comps != 4))
    return NULL;

  jpeg_decoder decoder(pStream);
  if (decoder.get_error_code() != JPGD_SUCCESS)
    return NULL;

  const int image_width = decoder.get_width(), image_height = decoder.get_height();
  *width = image_width;
  *height = image_height;
  *actual_comps = decoder.get_num_components();

  if (decoder.begin_decoding() != JPGD_SUCCESS)
    return NULL;

  const int dst_bpl = image_width * req_comps;

  uint8* pImage_data = (uint8*)jpgd_malloc(dst_bpl * image_height);
  if (!pImage_data)
    return NULL;

  for (int y = 0; y < image_height; y++) {
    const uint8* pScan_line;
    uint scan_line_len;
    if (decoder.decode((const void**)&pScan_line, &scan_line_len) != JPGD_SUCCESS) {
      jpgd_free(pImage_data);
      return NULL;
    }

    uint8* pDst = pImage_data + y * dst_bpl;

    if (((req_comps == 1) && (decoder.get_num_components() == 1)) || ((req_comps == 4) && (decoder.get_num_components() == 3)))
      memcpy(pDst, pScan_line, dst_bpl);
    else if (decoder.get_num_components() == 1) {
      if (req_comps == 3) {
        for (int x = 0; x < image_width; x++) {
          uint8 luma = pScan_line[x];
          pDst[0] = luma;
          pDst[1] = luma;
          pDst[2] = luma;
          pDst += 3;
        }
      } else {
        for (int x = 0; x < image_width; x++) {
          uint8 luma = pScan_line[x];
          pDst[0] = luma;
          pDst[1] = luma;
          pDst[2] = luma;
          pDst[3] = 255;
          pDst += 4;
        }
      }
    } else if (decoder.get_num_components() == 3) {
      if (req_comps == 1) {
        const int YR = 19595, YG = 38470, YB = 7471;
        for (int x = 0; x < image_width; x++) {
          int r = pScan_line[x * 4 + 0];
          int g = pScan_line[x * 4 + 1];
          int b = pScan_line[x * 4 + 2];
          *pDst++ = static_cast<uint8>((r * YR + g * YG + b * YB + 32768) >> 16);
        }
      } else {
        for (int x = 0; x < image_width; x++) {
          pDst[0] = pScan_line[x * 4 + 0];
          pDst[1] = pScan_line[x * 4 + 1];
          pDst[2] = pScan_line[x * 4 + 2];
          pDst += 3;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  return pImage_data;
}

unsigned char* decompress_jpeg_image_from_memory(const unsigned char* pSrc_data, int src_data_size, int* width, int* height, int* actual_comps, int req_comps) {
  jpgd::jpeg_decoder_mem_stream mem_stream(pSrc_data, src_data_size);
  return decompress_jpeg_image_from_stream(&mem_stream, width, height, actual_comps, req_comps);
}

unsigned char* decompress_jpeg_image_from_file(const char* pSrc_filename, int* width, int* height, int* actual_comps, int req_comps) {
  jpgd::jpeg_decoder_file_stream file_stream;
  if (!file_stream.open(pSrc_filename))
    return NULL;
  return decompress_jpeg_image_from_stream(&file_stream, width, height, actual_comps, req_comps);
}

}  // namespace jpgd
